Medijuotas skandalingo politiko įvaizdis rinkėjų patirtyse: fenomenografinis atvejo tyrimas
Politiniai skandalai, kaip viešai atpažįstamos transgresijos, teoriškai turėtų suteikti rinkėjui neigiamos informacijos apie politiką ir sudaryti prielaidas jo rinkiminei sankcijai. Visgi, Petro Gražulio politikos fenomenas rodo, kad, nepaisant nacionalinėje viešojoje erdvėje tiražuojamų skandalingų istorijų, politikas buvo net septynis kartus renkamas į nacionalinį parlamentą, iš jų penkis – vienmandatėje rinkimų apygardoje. Tai paskatino detaliau ištirti, kaip kartotinai už politiką balsavę vienmandatės rinkimų apygardos rinkėjai patiria ir įprasmina politiko skandalingą elgesį, jo reprezentavimą medijose ir parlamentinę veiklą (tarnystę) apygardoje. Tyrimui atlikti pasirinkta fenomenologinės fenomenografijos prieiga. 2020–2023 m. laikotarpyje atlikti 28 giluminiai pusiau struktūruoti interviu su ilgalaikiais politiko rinkėjais iš 15 rinkimų apylinkių. Tyrimo rezultatai atskleidė, kad kartotinai už P. Gražulį balsavusių rinkėjų patirtyse skandalai, nors ir yra aiškiai atpažįstama jo politinio įvaizdžio dalis, nėra automatiškai transformuojami į neigiamą bendrą politiko vertinimą ar pagrindą atsisakyti jam paramos. Rezultatų erdvė atskleidė, kad tarnystė apygardai per asmenines autentiškas patirtis yra vertinama labai palankiai, o medijuotai pateikiamas skandalas gali būti suvokiamas kaip santykinai nereikšmingas, nepakankamai pagrįstas ar neproporcingai viešinamas (serializuojamas). Todėl kartotinis balsavimas už skandaluose dalyvaujantį politiką savaime nereiškia politinės informacijos ignoravimo ar rinkėjo neracionalumo: tarnystė apygardai tampa tuo kontekstu, kuriame rinkėjas interpretuoja kitą, potencialiai neigiamą, skandalingą informaciją apie politiką.
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